As a clean and renewable energy source, wind energy is becoming increasingly important in today’s energy structure. As the core equipment for converting wind energy into electrical energy, the operating efficiency and reliability of wind turbines are directly related to the economic benefits of wind farms. In the design and operation of wind turbines, seals play a vital role. They can not only protect internal parts from erosion by the external environment, but also ensure the connection and sealing between the various components of the generator, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the wind turbine.

1. Classification and application of seals

In wind turbines, seals are mainly divided into static seals and dynamic seals. Static seals are used for sealing between fixed parts, such as the seal between the casing and the bolts; dynamic seals are used for sealing between rotating parts, such as the seal between the gearbox and the main shaft. These seals are usually made of rubber, plastic or metal materials, and their shape and structure are determined according to different application requirements.

2. The role of seals

The role of seals in wind turbines is mainly reflected in the following aspects:Prevent leakage: There are many lubricating oils and coolants inside the wind turbine. Seals can prevent these fluids from leaking into the external environment, and also prevent external dust and water from entering the internal space.
Maintain pressure balance: In certain high-pressure areas in the wind turbine, seals can maintain the pressure balance of the system and prevent the internal pressure from being too high or too low.
Keep the environment clean: Through the isolation of seals, dirt, dust, sand, etc. can be effectively prevented from invading the interior of the wind turbine, and these pollutants can be prevented from affecting the normal operation of the generator.Protect the lubrication system: The lubrication system inside the wind turbine is the basis for its normal operation. Seals can prevent the loss of lubricating oil and maintain the normal operation of the lubrication system.

3. Selection and maintenance of seals

Selecting seals of appropriate types and materials is the key to ensuring the reliable operation of wind turbines. When selecting, factors such as the temperature resistance, oil resistance, aging resistance, chemical resistance, and wear resistance of the seal need to be considered. At the same time, the installation and maintenance of seals are also very important. Incorrect installation methods will reduce the sealing effect and even cause the seal to fail. Therefore, professional maintenance personnel are required to install and maintain them.

4. Selection and maintenance examples of seals

Take the main bearing of a wind turbine as an example. The main bearing seal ring is usually a double-lip seal ring made of fluororubber (FKM). This seal ring has good oil resistance and high temperature resistance, and can meet the sealing requirements of the main bearing under high load and high-speed rotation. During maintenance, it is necessary to regularly check the wear of the seal ring and replace the aging seal ring.

5. Conclusion

Seals play an important role in wind turbines. They can not only protect the internal parts from the erosion of the external environment, but also ensure the connection and sealing between the various components of the generator, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the wind turbine. Therefore, the reasonable selection and correct maintenance of seals are of great significance to improving the overall performance and economic benefits of wind turbines. With the advancement of technology, new sealing materials and design schemes are constantly emerging, which is expected to further improve the sealing effect of wind turbines, extend the service life, and promote the development of the wind power industry.